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© 1992 Oxford University Press

research-article

Effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and sodium selenite on pancreatic carcinogenesis in hamsters after initiation with N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine

Akiyoshi Nishikawa, Fumio Furukawa, Takayoshi Imazawa, Hiroyuki Yoshimura, Kunitoshi Mitsumori and Michihito Takahashi

Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan

The modulating effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and sodium selenite on development of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyI)-amine (BOP)-initiated pancreatic tumors were investigated. Female Syrian golden hamsters were given s.c. injections of BOP (10 mg/kg body weight) or saline alone once a week for 3 weeks and then administered 2000 p. p.m. caffeine, 25 p.p.m. nicotine, 20% ethanol or 4 p.p.m. sodium selenite in their drinking water for the next 37 weeks. Control animals were given tap water alone after BOP initiation. Only the BOP-treated groups developed pancreatic adenocarcinomas and dysplasias. The multiplicity of pancreatic carcinomas was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals receiving caffeine than in the controls. In addition, caffeine treatment slightly increased the incidence of carcinomas. Nicotine and ethanol also showed tendencies to enhance pancreatic carcinogenesis, although there were statistically no significant differences regarding lesion development. In contrast, sodium selenite administration was associated with a tendency for a decrease in the number of carcinomas and dysplasias. Thus, among these chemicals of obvious significance to human life-style, caffeine enhanced the development of pancreatic tumors when administered during the post-initiation phase in this hamster model.


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