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© 1993 Oxford University Press

research-article

Immunoaffinity purification and gas chromatography—mass spectrometric quantification of 3-alkyladenines in urine: metabolism studies and basal excretion levels in man

V. Prevost, D.E.G. Shuker 1, M.D. Friesen, G. Eberle 2, M.F. Rajewsky 2 and H. Bartsch

International Agency for Research on Cancer, Unit of Environmental Carcinogens and Host Factors 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
2Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center Essen, University of Essen Medical School Hufeland-Strasse 55, D-4300 Essen 1, Germany

1To whom correspondence should be addressed

Immunoaffinity gels were prepared by coupling monoclonal antibody (Mab) EM-6–47 to protein A —Sepharose, and were used to make small columns retaining 3-alkyladenines (3-alkAde) of diverse structure. An analytical procedure for determination of 3-methyladenine (3-MeAde), 3-ethyladenine (3-EtAde), 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenine (3-HOEtAde) and 3-benzyladenine (3-BzAde) was developed. Deuterated internal standards (d3-3-MeAde, d5-3-EtAde, d4-3-HOEtAde and d7-3-BzAde) were synthesized and added to urine samples prior to immunoaffinity purification. 3-alkAde were separated and quantitated as tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatives by capillary gas chromatography—low resolution mass spectrometry (GC—MS). Detection limits for 3-MeAde, 3-EtAde and 3-HOEtAde were 0.2 pmol/ml urine and for 3-BzAde, 1 pmol/ml urine. Studies in two volunteers showed that 3-MeAde and 3-HOEtAde were excreted almost quantitatively (>90%) within 24 h, that 3-EtAde was less well excreted (67–74%) and that 3-BzAde was poorly excreted (21–25%). Studies on basal levels of 3-alkAde urinary excretion in three volunteers showed that 3-MeAde was >90% derived from the diet as the preformed product. 3-HOEtAde was present at ~10 nmol/day and was reduced to ~1 nmol/day when the diet was standardized suggesting that it is also dietary in origin. 3-BzAde was not detected in human urine. 3-EtAde was not only excreted at low levels (<1 nmol/day) but was also only very slightly affected by diet. This general and sensitive method will be useful in biomonitoring studies in subjects exposed to alkylating agents of diverse structure.


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