© 1994 Oxford University Press
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Induction of mammary tumors in female SpragueDawley rats by the food-derived carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyliniidazo [4,5-b]pyridine and effect of dietary fat
1Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis 37-3C28, Bethesda MD 20892-4255, USA
2Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute 37-3C28, Bethesda MD 20892-4255, USA
3To whom correspondence should be addressed
2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a carcinogen found in cooked meat, was determined to be a mammary carcinogen in female SpragueDawley rats on a high fat diet. Forty-three-day-old female SpragueDawley rats received 10 doses of PhIP (75 mg/kg, p.o., days 15 and 812). Two days after the last dose of PhIP, animals were placed on a high polyunsaturated fat diet (23.5% corn oil) or a standard low fat diet (5% corn oil). After 25 weeks on the defined diet, mammary tumor incidence (average tumor mass ± SE) was 53% (5.7 ± 1.3 g) and 16% (2.4 ± 0.9 g) in rats on a high fat and standard low fat diet, respectively. The histological differences in mammary gland tumors found in animals on the standard low fat diet and the high fat diet were striking. Mammary gland tumors found in PhIP-treated rats on the low fat diet were all histologically benign. The histopathological changes in these tumors included hypertrophic changes resembling the normal mammary gland, fibrocystic changes, and selerosing adenosis. How ever, 80% of the mammary gland tumors found in PhIP treated rats on a high fat diet were histologically malignant. These tumors had several malignant phenotypes including intraductal carcinoma (papillary, cribriform, and comedo type), tubular adenocarcinoma, and infiltrating duct carcinoma. The data indicate that a high fat diet in combination with a heterocydic amine carcinogen derived from cooked meat may enhance the incidence and severity of mammary gland cancer.
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