Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 233-236, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
MA Sipowicz, CM Weghorst, YH Shiao, GS Buzard, RJ Calvert, MR Anver, LM Anderson and JM Rice
Helicobacter hepaticus is a recently discovered bacterium that invades
mouse liver causing chronic active hepatitis followed by development of
preneoplastic hepatocellular foci, hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas.
This establishes a unique animal model for study of the mechanisms of
cancer development due to a chronic bacterial infection. A possible
mechanism of bacteria-associated tumorigenesis is mutation of oncogenes or
tumor suppressor genes. Since mutations in ras oncogenes have been widely
detected in a variety of chemically induced and spontaneous mouse liver
tumors and specific mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been
associated with human bladder cancers attributed to chronic schistosomal
infection, we studied exons 1 and 2 of the N-, K- and H-ras genes and exons
5-8 of the p53 gene for the presence of point mutations in 25 liver tumors
from 10 naturally infected A/JCr mice, ranging in age from 16 to 24 months.
The 20 adenomas and five carcinomas varied in size from 0.1 to 2.3 cm and
arose in livers characterized by a wide assortment of pathological
profiles, including hepatitis, inflammation, hyperplasia, hypertrophy,
leukocyte infiltration, necrosis and focal phenotypic alteration. DNA
samples extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were
screened by PCR/SSCP analysis and showed no mutations in the analyzed
genes. Complete absence of mutations in ras genes in 25 mouse liver tumors
is unusual. Other genes may be targeted or H. hepaticus infection causes
liver cancer through other pathways than direct damage to DNA.
ARTICLES
Lack of p53 and ras mutations in Helicobacter hepaticus-induced liver tumors in A/JCr mice
Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute- FCRDC, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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