Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 89-92, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
W Stahl, S Nicolai, K Briviba, M Hanusch, G Broszeit, M Peters, HD Martin and H Sies
Induction of gap junctional communication (GJC) and antioxidant activities
of carotenoids have been considered as biochemical mechanisms underlying
the cancer-preventive properties of these compounds. beta-Carotene and
other carotenoids, including those lacking provitamin A activity, proved to
be active in both these parameters. The beta-carotene analogs
retrodehydro-beta-carotene, echinenone, cryptoxanthin
(3-hydroxy-beta-carotene), 4-hydroxy-beta-carotene and canthaxanthin
stimulate GJC and efficiently deactivate singlet molecular oxygen.
beta-Carotene is less active than its retro-dehydro analog with respect to
(1)O2-quenching but GJC is similar. The five- membered ring analog of
canthaxanthin, dinor-canthaxanthin, has less effect on GJC as compared with
the parent compound but exhibits increased singlet oxygen quenching.
Straight-chain polyene dialdehydes are quenchers of singlet oxygen, the
efficiency increasing with the number of conjugated double bonds. However,
none of these compounds significantly induce GJC. These data indicate that
the two properties of carotenoids addressed in this study may operate
independent of each other.
ARTICLES
Biological activities of natural and synthetic carotenoids: induction of gap junctional communication and singlet oxygen quenching
Institut fur Physiologische Chemie I, and Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Germany.
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