Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 359-364, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
M Fenech, I Dreosti and C Aitken
A placebo-controlled double-blind intervention trial was performed using 60
male volunteers aged between 50 and 70 years to test the hypothesis that
intake of d-alpha-tocopherol (VITE) above the recommended dietary intake
(RDI) level (10.0 mg or 14.9 IU VITE) can protect against DNA damage in
human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The intervention consisted of two
phases, each of 8 weeks duration: during the initial phase the VITE
supplement was 5 x RDI (provided in cereal) and during the second phase the
VITE supplement was 30 x RDI (provided in capsules). Blood samples were
collected before the initial phase, between phases and at the end of the
second phase; the level of VITE was measured in plasma using HPLC and
genetic damage rate in peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured using the
cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The study has shown that cereal
supplementation is an effective route for an above RDI intake of VITE; a 5
x RDI supplement resulted in a 22% elevation in the plasma VITE status. By
comparison the use of 30 x RDI supplementation with capsules as the route
of delivery resulted in an 89% increment in plasma VITE status. The
increased VITE status during the intervention, however, had no significant
impact on the spontaneous genetic damage rate in human lymphocytes. There
was also no correlation between baseline genetic damage frequency and VITE
status. However, a 32% (P < 0.007) decrease in the micronucleus index
was recorded in both the control and VITE-supplemented groups during the
course of the study which could have been due either to seasonal effects or
other common components in the diet such as the carrier used for the VITE
in the cereal and the capsules. The study has identified a small proportion
(3.4%) of apparently healthy individuals who are abnormally sensitive to
oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide and demonstrated that VITE
supplementation did not attenuate the impact of the oxidative challenge on
genetic damage rate. The above data suggest that supplements in cereal are
a viable route for delivering VITE and that supplementation with VITE is
unlikely to affect chromosome damage occurring spontaneously or as a result
of exposure to oxidative radicals.
ARTICLES
Vitamin-E supplements and their effect on vitamin-E status in blood and genetic damage rate in peripheral blood lymphocytes
CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.
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