Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 517-521, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
A Challa, DR Rao, CB Chawan and L Shackelford
Bifidobacterium longum has been shown to afford protection against colon
tumorigenesis. Lactulose, a keto analog of lactose, serves as a substrate
for preferential growth of Bifidobacterium. It is not known whether feeding
lactulose along with B. longum will have any advantage over feeding of B.
longum alone. To test this combination effect, 61 male Fisher 344 weanling
rats were divided into four groups of 15 rats each (16 in the control
group) and assigned to one of the following four diets for 13 weeks: (i)
AIN76A (control, C); (ii) C + 0.5% B. longum (C+Bl, containing 1 x 10(8)
viable cells/g feed); (iii) C + 2.5% lactulose (C+L); (iv) C + 0.5% B.
longum + 2.5% lactulose (C+Bl+L). All animals received a s.c. injection of
azoxymethane at 16 mg/kg body wt at 7 and 8 weeks of age. Colons of 10 rats
from each dietary group were analyzed for aberrant crypt foci (ACF), which
are preneoplastic markers. Colonic mucosa and livers from five rats were
analyzed for glutathione S-transferase (GST, a Phase II enzyme marker).
Results indicate that feeding of lactulose and B. longum singly and in
combination reduces the number of ACF (P = 0.0001) and the total number of
aberrant crypts significantly (P = 0.0005). The total number of ACF in
diets C, C+Bl, C+L and C+Bl+L were 187 +/- 9, 143 +/- 9, 145 +/- 11 and 97
+/- 11 respectively. There was no significant difference in weight gain
among treatments. Colonic mucosal GST levels were significantly (P = 0.05)
higher in the Bl and L groups compared with group C. Initially there was a
mild diarrhea in lactulose-fed rats. There was a positive correlation
between higher cecal pH and number of ACF. Results of the study indicate
that Bifidobacterium and lactulose exert an additive antitumorigenic effect
in rat colon.
ARTICLES
Bifidobacterium longum and lactulose suppress azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci in rats
Department of Food Science and Animal Industries, Alabama A&M University, Normal 35762, USA.
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