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Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 1001-1006, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press

ARTICLES

Chemopreventive efficacies of aspirin and sulindac against lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice

C Duperron and A Castonguay
Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Chemoprevention, School of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely prescribed drugs. In this study, we demonstrated the efficacy of aspirin to inhibit lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice. Lung tumors (9.9 tumors/mouse) were induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4- (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), administered in drinking water between week 0 and week +7. Groups of mice were fed sulindac (123 mg/kg diet), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 294 mg/kg), non- buffered Aspirin (294 mg/kg) or buffered Aspirin (294 mg/kg) in AIN-76A diet from week -2 to the end of the bioassay (week +23). These doses are comparable to the maximal doses recommended for humans. ASA and non- buffered Aspirin were the most effective inhibitors and reduced lung multiplicities by 60 and 62%, respectively. Sulindac inhibited lung tumor multiplicity by 52%. Inhibition by buffered Aspirin was not statistically significant. We evaluated the efficacies of NSAIDs to inhibit NNK activation by h1A2 v2 cells expressing human P-450 1A2. Salicylates, at doses of 500 microM and 1 mM, had no effect on NNK activation. Sulindac and its sulfide and sulfone metabolites (1 mM) inhibited NNK metabolism by 90, 92 and 65%, respectively. We observed a 76% inhibition with SKF 525A, a P-450 inhibitor. Taken together, these results indicate that salicylates and sulindac could be equally effective as chemopreventive agents, but they could differ in their mode of action.
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