Carcinogenesis, Vol 18, 1355-1358, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
M Watanabe, K Fukutome, T Shiraishi, M Murata, J Kawamura, J Shimazaki, T Kotake and R Yatani
Mutations of the p53 gene are related to development of human cancers and
their frequencies and spectra, the latter representing fingerprints left by
carcinogens, provide information about the molecular epidemiology of the
disease. Prostate cancer is the most common neoplasm in American males and
although its incidence is still relatively low in Japanese people, it has
recently been increasing with the westernization of life style. To assess
the frequency and spectrum of p53 gene mutations in Japanese prostate
cancers, we examined a series of 90 lesions using polymerase chain reaction
(PCR)-single- strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. The
patients' mean age was 69.3 years (range 57-87). Of the total, six were
well-, 34 moderately- and 50 poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas, and the
median Gleason score was 7.9. Eleven of the 90 cases (12%) had mutations in
exons 2-11 of the p53 gene: none of the five clinical- stage A, one of 25
stage B (4%), three of 35 stage C (9%) and seven of 25 stage D (28%)
cancers. The correlation with an advanced stage was statistically
significant. One insertion and 10 base pair substitutions were encountered,
comprising six transversions (55%) and four transitions (36%). Two of the
latter involved methylated cytosine- guanine (CpG). These 11 mutations were
combined with 18 other mutations in previous reports concerning Japanese
prostate cancers to facilitate comparison of the p53 gene mutational
spectrum with those reported for American and European prostate cancers. In
the latter, 61% were transitions and 33% were transversions. The greater
proportion of transversions in the Japanese population suggests that there
are different factors responsible for carcinogenesis of the prostate glands
in the various countries.
ARTICLES
Differences in the p53 gene mutational spectra of prostate cancers between Japan and Western countries
Second Department of Pathology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu- shi, Japan.
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