Carcinogenesis, Vol 19, 1771-1776, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
M Suganuma, S Okabe, M Oniyama, Y Tada, H Ito and H Fujiki
The increasing recognition of green tea and tea polyphenols as cancer
preventives has created a need for a study of their bioavailability. For
this purpose, we synthesized [3H] (-)-epigallocatechin gallate ([3H]EGCG)
with a specific activity of 48.1 GBq/mmol and directly administered the
solution into the stomachs of CD-1 female or male mice. Radioactivity in
the digestive tract, various organs, blood, urine and feces was measured
with an oxidizer at various times after administration and significant
radioactivity was found in the previously reported target organs of EGCG
and green tea extract (digestive tract, liver, lung, pancreas, mammary
gland and skin), as well as other organs (brain, kidney, uterus and ovary
and testes) in both sexes. Incorporation of radioactivity in the cells was
confirmed by microautoradiography. Within 24 h, 6.6 (females) and 6.4%
(males) of total administered radioactivity was excreted in the urine and
37.7 and 33.1% in feces. HPLC analysis of urine from both sexes revealed
that 0.03-0.59% of administered [3H]EGCG, along with at least five
metabolites, was excreted. In addition, we found that a second, equal
administration to female mice after a 6 h interval enhanced tissue levels
of radioactivity in blood, brain, liver, pancreas, bladder and bone 4-6
times above those after a single administration. These results suggest that
frequent consumption of green tea enables the body to maintain a high level
of tea polyphenols and this paper is the first pharmacological evidence of
a wide distribution of [3H]EGCG in mouse organs, indicating a similar wide
range of target organs for cancer prevention in humans.
ARTICLES
Wide distribution of [3H](-)-epigallocatechin gallate, a cancer preventive tea polyphenol, in mouse tissue
Saitama Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan. masami@saitama-cc.go.jp
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