Carcinogenesis, Vol 19, 1789-1794, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
H Witschi, I Espiritu, M Yu and NH Willits
Male and female strain A/J mice were exposed to a mixture of cigarette
sidestream and mainstream smoke at a chamber concentration of total
suspended particulates of 82.5 mg/m3. Exposure time was 6 h/day, 5
days/week for 5 months. The animals were allowed to recover for another 4
months in filtered air before sacrifice and lung tumor count. Male animals
were fed either 0.2% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or 0.05% phenethyl
isothiocyanate (PEITC) in diet AIN-76A with 5% corn oil added. Female
animals received normal laboratory chow and were given a 1.25% extract of
green tea in the drinking water. Corresponding control groups were fed
diets without NAC or PEITC or given plain tap water. Exposure to tobacco
smoke increased lung tumor multiplicity to 1.1-1.6 tumors/lung,
significantly higher than control values (0.5-1.0 tumors/lung). None of the
putative chemopreventive agents (NAC, PEITC or green tea extract) had a
protective effect. In positive control experiments, PEITC significantly
reduced both lung tumor multiplicity and incidence in mice treated with the
tobacco smoke-specific carcinogen 4-
(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). In mice treated with
three different doses of urethan and fed NAC in the diet, a significant
reduction in lung tumor multiplicity was found only at one dose level.
Green tea extract did not reduce lung tumor multiplicity in animals treated
with a single dose of NNK. It was concluded that successful chemoprevention
of tobacco smoke-induced lung tumorigenesis might require administration of
several chemopreventive agents rather than just a single one.
ARTICLES
The effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate, N-acetylcysteine and green tea on tobacco smoke-induced lung tumors in strain A/J mice
Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Division of Statistics, College of Letters and Sciences, University of California, Davis 95616-8615, USA. hrwitschi@ucdavis.edu
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