Carcinogenesis, Vol 19, 1285-1290, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
S Wyllie and JG Liehr
Iron participates in the generation of hydroxyl radicals by the iron-
catalyzed Fenton reaction. Its role in estrogen-induced carcinogenesis has
been examined in this study by investigating the effects of iron content of
hamster diets on tumor induction by estradiol. The renal tumor incidence
and number of tumor nodules in hamsters treated with estradiol plus a diet
enriched with iron (384 p.p.m. Fe as ferric citrate) for 5 months were 2-
and 4-fold higher, respectively, than those observed in animals on an
iron-poor diet plus estradiol (3.9 p.p.m. Fe, as ferric citrate). Tumor
incidence and number of tumor nodules in estradiol-treated hamsters on the
iron-deficient diet were not different from those of animals on a normal
rodent chow. No tumors were detected in hamsters treated only with the low
or high iron diets. Total serum iron was significantly increased in animals
treated with the high iron diet plus estradiol compared with the low iron
diet plus estradiol group and the high and low iron controls. Estrogen
treatment increased non-heme iron in liver of both high and low iron
treatment groups and in kidney of the hamsters on the low iron diet. It is
concluded that dietary iron enrichment enhances the incidence and severity
of estrogen-induced tumor induction.
ARTICLES
Enhancement of estrogen-induced renal tumorigenesis in hamsters by dietary iron
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1031, USA.
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