Carcinogenesis, Vol 19, 1291-1297, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
SL Tannheimer, SP Ethier, KK Caldwell and SW Burchiel
Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and certain halogenated
aromatic hydrocarbons, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD),
modulate receptor signaling pathways in human lymphoid and non- lymphoid
cells. We have recently demonstrated that BaP produces a weak mitogenic
signal in human mammary epithelial cells, perhaps by mimicking growth
factor signaling pathways. In the present studies we found that BaP and
TCDD activated insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) signaling pathways under
insulin-deficient conditions. The effects of BaP and TCDD were evaluated in
the human MCF-10A mammary epithelial cell line grown under epidermal growth
factor- and insulin-dependent conditions. BaP (0.3 microM) and TCDD (30 nM)
were found to restore a moderate insulin-like signal in MCF-10A cells grown
in the absence of added insulin. TCDD was more potent and produced better
activation of cell growth than did BaP. Both TCDD and BaP appeared to mimic
signaling through the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), as evidenced by increased
tyrosine phosphophorylation of IGF-IRbeta, IRS-1 and Shc. In addition, both
BaP and TCDD significantly increased the activity of phosphatidylinositol
3- kinase (PI3K). The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was found to inhibit the
growth-promoting effects of TCDD seen under insulin-deficient conditions.
The results of these studies show that under certain conditions BaP and
TCDD can mimic growth factor signaling pathways in human mammary epithelial
cells, demonstrating that environmentally prevalent carcinogenic compounds
may alter cell growth in human mammary epithelial cells via mimicry of
growth factor receptor signaling pathways.
ARTICLES
Benzo[a]pyrene- and TCDD-induced alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways in the MCF-10A human mammary epithelial cell line
Toxicology Program, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
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