Carcinogenesis, Vol. 21, No. 1, 43-47,
January 2000
© 2000 Oxford University Press
Molecular Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention |
Polymorphic variation within the glutathione S-transferase genes and risk of adult acute leukaemia
Department of Haematology, Institute of Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT and
1 Leukaemia Research Fund Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, 30 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS9 2LN, UK
Polymorphisms within the phase II metabolizer enzymes GST T1, GST M1 and GST P1 affect the body's ability to detoxify a range of potential leukaemogens encountered in the environment. Using PCR, GST T1, GST M1 and GST P1 genotypes were determined in 557 adults with acute leukaemia and 952 age, sex and geographically matched controls. The strongest association with acute leukaemia was observed for the GST T1 null genotype, which occurred among 19% of cases and 14% of controls [odds ratio (OR) 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.93]. A slightly higher proportion of cases (53%) than controls (49%) displayed the GST M1 null genotype, although the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.98–1.52). No effect was observed for the GST P1 genotype and no interaction between the GST T1 and GST M1 genotypes was evident. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) was weakly associated with both GST T1 null (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.97–1.79) and GST M1 null (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.98–1.56), whereas acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was associated with GST T1 null (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.31–8.26). No associations between smoking and disease risk in relation to GST T1 and GST M1 polymorphic status were found.
Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; AML, acute myeloid leukaemia; CI, confidence interval; FAB, French-American-British classification; GST, glutathione S-transferase; GST M1, glutathione S-transferase M1; GST P1, glutathione S-transferase P1; GST T1, glutathione S-transferase T1; OR, odds ratio.
2 To whom correspondence should be addressed Email: patsjr{at}leeds.ac.uk
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