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Carcinogenesis, Vol. 22, No. 4, 673-677, April 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press

CARCINOGENESIS

Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) activity and lung cancer risk: a preliminary study among Chinese women in Singapore

Adeline Seow7,, Bin Zhao, Edmund J.D. Lee1,, Wee-Teng Poh4,, Ming Teh2,, Philip Eng5,, Yee-Tang Wang6,, Wan-Cheng Tan3, and Hin-Peng Lee

Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine,
1 Department of Pharmacology,
2 Department of Pathology and
3 Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, MD3, 117597, Singapore,
4 Department of Pathology and
5 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outran Road (169608) Singapore, and
6 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital 11, Jalour Tam Tock Seng, (308433), Singapore

There is increasing evidence for the role of heterocyclic and other arylamines in carcinogenesis, including lung carcinogenesis. Chinese women have a high rate of lung cancer despite a low smoking prevalence, and studies in this population may provide useful information on risk factors other than smoking. Hepatic CYP1A2 and NAT2 are involved in the metabolism of carcinogenic arylamines, and NAT2 also catalyzes the detoxification pathway for these compounds. In this study, we examined the effect of CYP1A2 activity using a urinary caffeine metabolic ratio assay for 54 Chinese women with newly diagnosed lung cancer (including 28 adenocarcinomas) and 174 hospital controls. Among them, NAT2 genotype was available for 47 cases and 98 controls. There was no effect of CYP1A2 activity on overall risk of lung cancer in the study population [odds ratio (OR) 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–1.6, adjusted for age at diagnosis, smoking and cruciferous vegetable intake]. For adenocarcinomas, the OR was 1.5, 95% CI 0.6–3.4. After further adjustment for NAT2 acetylator genotype, the OR for adenocarcinoma was 1.8 (95% CI 0.7–4.8). When the combined NAT2/CYP1A2 status was examined, women with slow NAT2 and rapid CYP1A2 activity were at highest risk (adjusted OR 6.9, 95% CI 1.3–37.6) relative to women with rapid NAT2 and slow CYP1A2 activity, for lung adenocarcinoma. While larger studies are needed to confirm or refute these results, they are consistent with a role for heterocyclic arylamines in lung carcinogenesis in this primarily non-smoking population.


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