Carcinogenesis, Vol. 22, No. 8, 1131-1137,
August 2001
© 2001 Oxford University Press
CANCER BIOLOGY |
hMSH3 overexpression and cellular response to cytotoxic anticancer agents
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Istituto Dermopatico Dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome,
1 Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Medical Oncology Section and
2 Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, University of Rome `Tor Vergata', Via di Tor Vergata 135, 00133 Rome, Italy and
3 Institute for Medical Radiobiology, University of Zurich, August Forel-Strasse 7, CH-8029 Zurich, Switzerland
Mutations or transcriptional silencing of mismatch repair genes have been linked with tumour cell resistance to O6-guanine methylating agents, 6-thioguanine, cisplatin, doxorubicin and etoposide. Recently, it has been demonstrated that overexpression of the MSH3 protein is associated with depletion of the mismatch binding factor MutS
, and then with a marked reduction in the efficiency of base/base mismatch repair. In the present study we evaluated sensitivity of the HL-60 cell line and its methotrexate-resistant subline HL-60R, which overexpresses the hMSH3 gene, to a panel of chemotherapeutic agents. Cell growth inhibition induced by temozolomide, 6-thioguanine and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was significantly lower in the hMSH3-overexpressing HL-60R cell line as compared with the HL-60 parental line. Moreover, HL-60R cells were more resistant than HL-60 cells to chromosome aberrations induced by either N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or temozolomide, and to apoptosis triggered by the latter drug. Both cell lines were equally susceptible to growth inhibition induced by cisplatin, etoposide or doxorubicin. In addition, HL-60 and HL-60R cells showed comparable sensitivity to the clastogenic and apoptotic effects of cisplatin and etoposide. These results further confirm that loss of base/base mismatch repair is the most important molecular mechanism involved in cell resistance to O6-guanine methylating agents and 6-thioguanine. However, the status of the mismatch repair system could still influence tumour cell sensitivity to cisplatin, etoposide and doxorubicin, depending on the specific component of the system that is lost, and on the genetic background of the cell.
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