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Carcinogenesis, Vol. 23, No. 9, 1463-1466, September 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CANCER PREVENTION

Inhibitory effects of mofezolac, a cyclooxygenase-1 selective inhibitor, on intestinal carcinogenesis

Tomohiro Kitamura1, Toshihiko Kawamori1, Naoaki Uchiya1, Masaki Itoh2,3, Tetsuo Noda2,4, Mamoru Matsuura5, Takashi Sugimura1 and Keiji Wakabayashi1,6

1 Cancer Prevention Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan,
2 Cell Biology Department, Cancer Institute, 37-1 Kami-Ikebukuro 1-chome, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-8455, Japan,
3 Oncology Department, Jikei University School of Medicine, 25-8 Nishi-shinbashi 3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan,
4 The Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, 4-1-8 Motomachi, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan and
5 Research Laboratory III, Mitsubishi Pharma Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kangawawa 227–0033, Japan

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, one enzyme isoform responsible for producing prostanoids from arachidonic acid, contributes to colon carcinogenesis. Recently, genetic disruption of COX-1, the other isoform, was shown to decrease the number of intestinal polyps and prostaglandin E2 levels in intestinal mucosa, like the case with COX-2 gene disruption, in Min mice. We therefore investigated whether a COX-1 selective inhibitor, mofezolac, suppresses intestinal carcinogenesis in rodents. F344 male rats, receiving azoxymethane (AOM, 15 mg/kg body wt) s.c. injections at 5 and 6 weeks of age, were fed a diet containing 600 or 1200 p.p.m. mofezolac for 4 weeks. The number of aberrant crypt foci (ACFs) per rat and the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index of the crypt epithelium were dose-dependently decreased by administration of mofezolac, the value for the former at 1200 p.p.m. being 60% of control value. When Apc gene knockout mice (APC1309 mice) were given 600 or 1200 p.p.m. mofezolac in their diet for 8 weeks, the numbers of intestinal polyps were also dose-dependently decreased, with reduction to 59% of that in the control diet group at the higher dose. Nimesulide, a COX-2 selective inhibitor used as positive control, showed similar suppressive effects on the development of ACFs in AOM-treated rats and polyps in Apc gene knockout mice. The data indicate that both COX-1 and COX-2 can contribute to intestinal tumorigenesis.


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