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Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on February 12, 2004
Carcinogenesis 2004 25(8):1417-1425; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh109
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Carcinogenesis vol.25 no.8 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved.

ARTICLE

Tumor growth suppression by {alpha}-eleostearic acid, a linolenic acid isomer with a conjugated triene system, via lipid peroxidation

Tsuyoshi Tsuzuki, Yoshiko Tokuyama, Miki Igarashi and Teruo Miyazawa1

Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science and Agriculture, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori, Amamiyamachi, Sendai 981-8555, Japan

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: miyazawa{at}biochem.tohoku.ac.jp

We have previously shown that conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) prepared by alkaline isomerization have a stronger antitumor effect than conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). In this study we have compared the suppressive effect on tumor growth of {alpha}-eleostearic acid ({alpha}-ESA, 9Z11E13E-18:3) with those of the CLA isomers 9Z11E-CLA and 10E12Z-CLA, using nude mice into which DLD-1 human colon cancer cells were transplanted. The results showed that {alpha}-ESA, which is a CLnA that can be prepared from natural sources in bulk, had a stronger antitumor effect than CLA. DNA fragmentation was enhanced and lipid peroxidation was increased in tumor tissues of the {alpha}-ESA-fed mice, which suggested that {alpha}-ESA induced apoptosis via lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, treatment of DLD-1 cells with {alpha}-ESA, 9Z11E-CLA and 10E12Z-CLA confirmed that {alpha}-ESA had a stronger antitumor effect than CLA in cultured cell lines. The induction of apoptosis by {alpha}-ESA was consistent with enhanced DNA fragmentation, increased caspase activity and increased expression of caspase mRNA following {alpha}-ESA treatment. Addition of {alpha}-tocopherol, an antioxidant, suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis, suggesting that these effects were associated with lipid peroxidation.


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T. Tsuzuki and Y. Kawakami
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Conjugated Linolenic Acid Is Slowly Absorbed in Rat Intestine, but Quickly Converted to Conjugated Linoleic Acid
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