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Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on May 19, 2005
Carcinogenesis 2005 26(10):1731-1740; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgi134
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Carcinogenesis vol.26 no.10 © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved.

The Fanconi anemia group A protein modulates homologous repair of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells

Yun-Gui Yang, Zdenko Herceg, Koji Nakanishi 1, Ilja Demuth 2, Colette Piccoli, Jocelyne Michelon, Gabriele Hildebrand 2, Maria Jasin 1, Martin Digweed 2 and Zhao-Qi Wang *

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, F-69008 Lyon, France, 1 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA and 2 Institut fur Humangenetik, Charite-Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 4 72 73 85 10; Fax:+33 4 72 73 83 29; Email: zqwang{at}iarc.fr

Fanconi anemia (FA) cells exhibit hypersensitivity to DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) and high levels of chromosome instability. FA gene products have been shown to functionally or physically interact with BRCA1, RAD51 and the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex, suggesting that the FA complex may be involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Here, we have investigated specifically the function of the FA group A protein (FANCA) in the repair of DSBs in mammalian cells. We show that the targeted deletion of Fanca exons 37–39 generates a null for Fanca in mice and abolishes ubiquitination of Fancd2, the downstream effector of the FA complex. Cells lacking Fanca exhibit increased chromosomal aberrations and attenuated accumulation of Brca1 and Rad51 foci in response to DNA damage. The absence of Fanca greatly reduces gene-targeting efficiency in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and compromises the survival of fibroblast cells in response to ICL agent treatment. Fanca-null cells exhibit compromised homology-directed repair (HDR) of DSBs, particularly affecting the single-strand annealing pathway. These data identify the Fanca protein as an integral component in the early step of HDR of DSBs and thereby minimizing the genomic instability.


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