Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on October 21, 2004
Carcinogenesis 2005 26(2):381-386; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh314
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Carcinogenesis vol.26 no.2 © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved.
ARTICLE |
NQO1 T allele associated with decreased risk of later age at diagnosis lung cancer among never smokers: results from a population-based study
1 Population Studies and Prevention Program, 2 Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics and 3 Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed Email: bockc{at}med.wayne.edu
The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 gene, NQO1, contains a C to T transition at amino acid codon 187, which results in very low enzymatic activity. Previous studies of the association between NQO1 genotype and lung cancer have had mixed findings. This population-based case control study examines the association between NQO1 genotype and lung cancer in the largest sample of never smokers (<100 cigarettes, lifetime) to date. Cases (n = 161) were identified through the metropolitan Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program, and 5-year age- and race-matched population-based controls (n = 173) were identified using random digit dialing. Allele frequencies of C and T, respectively, were 0.79 and 0.21 in Caucasians, and 0.84 and 0.16 in African Americans. Among those diagnosed aged 
50 years, C/T and T/T genotyped individuals had 0.48 times lower lung cancer risk than individuals with C/C genotype (95% CI: 0.27–0.87). There was a non-significant suggestion of a protective effect associated with the T allele among those with a history of environmental tobacco smoke exposure (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32–1.03) but not among those without (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.41–2.38). Sex, race, family history of lung cancer and histologic type did not modify the effect of NQO1 genotype on lung cancer risk. The observed risk reductions may be attributable to the greatly reduced procarcinogen activating of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in individuals with at least one copy of the T allele.
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