Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on May 12, 2006
Carcinogenesis 2006 27(10):2103-2107; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl056
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Negative energy balance induced by voluntary wheel running inhibits polyp development in APCMin mice
Department of Kinesiology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA
1 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, MD, USA
2 Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
3 National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA
4 Department of Human Ecology, University of Texas Austin, TX, USA
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: lhcolbert{at}education.wisc.edu
Treadmill running of 
0.9 km/day has had inconsistent effects on spontaneous intestinal polyp development in C57BL/6J-ApcMin/J (Min) mice; the amount of energy expenditure and/or a lack of hormonal changes could account for this variability. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a negative energy balance induced by voluntary wheel running on polyps, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and corticosterone in Min mice. Seven-week-old male Min mice were randomly assigned to control (CON, n = 23) or wheel running (EX, n = 24) conditions for a 10-week study period. All mice had water and AIN-76A diet ad libitum for the first 3 weeks on study, after which the EX group was pair-fed to the CON group to maintain a negative energy balance due to the exercise. EX mice voluntarily ran 3.8 km/day (2.7–6.0 km/day) (median, interquartile range) and weighed less than CON mice throughout the study. More CON mice died before the end of the study versus EX mice (26 versus 0%, P < 0.01). CON mice had significantly more polyps versus EX mice (21.6 ± 1.5 versus 16.9 ± 2.0, P < 0.01; mean ± SE), and daily running distance in EX was inversely correlated with total polyp number (r = –0.70, P < 0.01). Urinary corticosterone output (P < 0.01) and serum IGF-1 were significantly higher in EX than CON (P < 0.001); however, total polyp number was unrelated to corticosterone (r = 0.05, P = 0.84) and IGF-1 (r = –0.01, P = 0.93). In this study, a negative energy balance produced by wheel running exercise and restricted feeding decreased polyp burden in male Min mice and appeared to have a dose–response effect on polyp number. Although EX affected IGF-1 and corticosterone, neither marker was related to total polyp number.
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