Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on November 25, 2005
Carcinogenesis 2006 27(7):1310-1315; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgi276
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Green tea, black tea and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
The Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA and 1 Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +612 626 5367; Fax: +612 625 8950; Email: canlans{at}umn.edu
Experimental studies have shown that tea and tea polyphenols have anti-carcinogenic properties against breast cancer. A number of epidemiologic studies, both casecontrol and cohort in design, have examined the possible association between tea intake and breast cancer development in humans. This meta-analysis included 13 papers which examined populations in eight countries and provided data on consumption of either green tea or black tea, or both in relation to breast cancer risk. Summary odds ratios (ORs) for highest versus non/lowest tea consumption level were calculated based on fixed and random effects models. Heterogeneity between studies was examined via the Q statistics. For green tea, the combined results from the four studies indicated a reduced risk of breast cancer for highest versus non/lowest intake (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.610.98). For black tea, conflicting results were observed in casecontrol versus cohort studies. The combined results from the eight casecontrol studies showed a minor inverse association between black tea consumption and risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.840.98). This inverse association was stronger in hospital-based (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.501.19) than population-based casecontrol studies (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.811.09). Five cohort studies demonstrated a modest increase in risk associated with black tea intake (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.021.31). The results of this meta-analysis indicate a lower risk for breast cancer with green tea consumption. Available data suggest a possible late-stage, promotional effect of black tea on breast carcinogenesis.
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