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Carcinogenesis Advance Access originally published online on March 25, 2009
Carcinogenesis 2009 30(5):753-757; doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp066
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Involvement of NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 in COX-2 upregulation by human papillomavirus 16 E5 oncoprotein

Su-Hyeong Kim1, Jung-Min Oh1,2, Jae-Hong No1,3, Yung-Jue Bang1,4, Yong-Sung Juhnn1,2 and Yong-Sang Song1,3,*

1 Cancer Research Institute
2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
4 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Ku, Seoul 110-744, Korea

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +82 2 2072 2822; Fax: +82 2 3668 7401; Email: yssong{at}snu.ac.kr

The human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncoproteins play important roles in cervical carcinogenesis through multiple mechanisms, including upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which has been shown to be involved in both carcinogenesis and cancer progression. To explore the role of E5 in cervical carcinogenesis, we herein investigated the effect of HPV 16 E5 on COX-2 expression. Our results revealed that E5 induced COX-2 expression through the epidermal growth factor receptor-signaling pathway, with nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-{kappa}B) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) acting as critical factors in E5-induced COX-2 expression. NF-{kappa}B inhibition blocked COX-2 expression more potently than inhibition of AP-1. Our findings collectively suggest that the HPV 16 E5 oncoprotein mediates cervical carcinogenesis at least in part via upregulation of COX-2 expression through NF-{kappa}B and AP-1, with NF-{kappa}B playing a larger role.

Abbreviations: AP-1, activator protein-1; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; CRE, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; HPV, human Papillomavirus; mRNA, messenger RNA; NF-{kappa}B, nuclear factor-kappaB; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction

Received August 24, 2008; revised February 18, 2009; accepted March 18, 2009.


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