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Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on May 13, 2006
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl057
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 2, 2005
Revised March 2, 2006
Accepted April 11, 2006

CARCINOGENESIS

Inhibitory effects of voluntary running wheel exercise on UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice

Laura Michna 1, George C. Wagner 2, You-Rong Lou 3, Jian-Guo Xie 3, Qing-Yun Peng 3, Yong Lin 4, Kirsten Carlson 2, Weichung Joe Shih 4, Allan H. Conney 3, and Yao-Ping Lu 3 *

1 Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey and The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, 08854
2 Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854
3 Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854
4 The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Yao-Ping Lu, E-mail: sago{at}rci.rutgers.edu


  Abstract

Earlier studies showed that oral administration of green tea or caffeine to SKH-1 mice inhibited UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis, decreased dermal fat thickness and increased locomotor activity (Michna et al., 2003). In the present study, the effects of voluntary running wheel exercise on thickness of dermal fat as well as on UVB-induced tumorigenesis in SKH-1 mice were studied in UVB-initiated high-risk and UVB-induced complete carcinogenesis models. In the high-risk model, animals were exposed to UVB (30 mJ/cm2) 3 times/week for 16 weeks. For 14 weeks subsequent to UVB exposure, half of the animals had access to running wheels in their cages while the other half did not. In the complete carcinogenesis model, animals were exposed to UVB (30 mJ/cm2) twice/week for 33 weeks. From the beginning, half of the animals had access to running wheels while the other half did not. At the conclusion of each study, body weights were not different between groups, although animals with running wheels consumed significantly more food and water than animals without running wheels. In addition, animals with running wheels had decreases in parametrial fat pad weight and thickness of the dermal fat layer. In both UVB-initiated high-risk and complete carcinogenesis models, voluntary running wheel exercise delayed the appearance of tumors, decreased the number of tumors per mouse and decreased tumor volume per mouse. Histopathology studies revealed that running wheel exercise decreased the number of nonmalignant tumors (primarily keratoacanthomas) by 34% and total tumors per mouse by 32% in both models, and running wheel exercise decreased the formation of squamous cell carcinomas in the UVB-induced complete carcinogenesis model by 27%. In addition, the size of keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas were decreased substantially in both models. The effects described here indicate that voluntary running wheel exercise inhibits UVB-induced skin tumorigenesis and may also inhibit tumor growth. (This study was supported in part by NIH Grants ES05022, CA80759 and CA88961 as well as a State of New Jersey Commission on Cancer Research Grant 05-1976-CCR-EO).

Keywords: Voluntary running wheel exercise; skin carcinogenesis.
LM & GC W should be considered co-first authors
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