Carcinogenesis, Vol. 20, No. 8, 1637-1640,
August 1999
© 1999 Oxford University Press
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In vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (Aloe barbadensis Miller, Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor)
Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Changan-ku, Chunchun-dong, Kyunggi-do, Suwon 440-746, Korea and
1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
A plant polysaccharide, Aloe gel extract, was reported to have an inhibitory effect on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)–DNA adduct formation in vitro and in vivo. Hence, chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides [Aloe barbadensis Miller (APS), Lentinus edodes (LPS), Ganoderma lucidum (GPS) and Coriolus versicolor (CPS)] were compared using in vitro short-term screening methods associated with both initiation and promotion processes in carcinogenesis. In B[a]P–DNA adduct formation, APS (180 µg/ml) was the most effective in inhibition of B[a]P binding to DNA in mouse liver cells. Oxidative DNA damage (by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) was significantly decreased by APS (180 µg/ml) and CPS (180 µg/ml). In induction of glutathione S-transferase activity, GPS was found to be the most effective among plant polysaccharides. In screening anti-tumor promoting effects, APS (180 µg/ml) significantly inhibited phorbol myristic acetate (PMA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity in Balb/3T3 cells. In addition, APS significantly inhibited PMA-induced tyrosine kinase activity in human leukemic cells. APS and CPS significantly inhibited superoxide anion formation. These results suggest that some plant polysaccharides produced both anti-genotoxic and anti-tumor promoting activities in in vitro models and, therefore, might be considered as potential agents for cancer chemoprevention.
Abbreviations: 8-OH-dG, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; APS, Aloe barbadensis Miller polysaccharide; CPS, Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide; GPS, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; GST, glutathione S-transferase; LPS, Lentinus edodes polysaccharide; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; PMA, phorbol myristic acetate; TK, tyrosine kinase.
2 To whom correspondence should be addressed Email: bmlee{at}yurim.skku.ac.kr
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