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Carcinogenesis, Vol. 23, No. 1, 19-24, January 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

CANCER BIOLOGY

Novel targets for the 18p11.3 amplification frequently observed in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas

Koichi Nakakuki1,2, Issei Imoto1, Atiphan Pimkhaokham1,2, Yoji Fukuda1, Yutaka Shimada3, Masayuki Imamura3, Teruo Amagasa2 and Johji Inazawa1,4

1 Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University,
2 Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University and
3 Department of Surgery, Surgically Basic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan

Amplification of DNA in certain chromosomal regions, with consequent over-expression of specific genes within these amplicons, plays a crucial role in the development and progression of human cancer. Since our previous comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) study revealed frequent amplifications at 18p in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESC) cell lines, we focused on the identification of genetic target(s) within the 18p amplicon. In four cell lines having remarkable copy-number amplification with homogeneously staining region (HSR) pattern by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the smallest common region of overlapping covered ~3.5 Mb at 18p11.3. We screened 29 ESC cell lines to discern amplifications and expression levels of 14 known genes and 21 uncharacterized transcripts within the amplicon. Only four known genes, YES1, TYMS, HEC and TGIF showed amplification and consequent over-expression. These genes were amplified in several of primary ESCs. Moreover, resistance to transforming growth factorß (TGFß)-induced growth inhibition was enhanced in four cell lines with amplification and expression of TGIF, which encodes the repressor for TGFß-activated transcription, appears to be involved in the progression of ESC. Taken together, these results suggest that YES1, TYMS, HEC and TGIF are likely to be candidate targets for 18p11.3 amplification and be associated with esophageal tumorigenesis.


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