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Carcinogenesis, Vol. 23, No. 7, 1121-1126, July 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

CANCER BIOLOGY

Attenuation of the formation of DNA-repair foci containing RAD51 in Fanconi anaemia

Martin Digweed1,6, Susanne Rothe1, Ilja Demuth1, Regina Scholz2, Detlev Schindler3, Markus Stumm4, Markus Grompe5, Andreas Jordan2 and Karl Sperling1

1 Institut für Humangenetik, Charité – Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin,
2 Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Charité – Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin,
3 Institut für Humangenetik, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften (Biozentrum), Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg,
4 Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Germany and
5 Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA

The role of the Fanconi anaemia genes in DNA repair was examined by a quantitative analysis of nuclear DNA repair foci in FA primary fibroblasts after ionising irradiation using antibodies directed against RAD51, MRE11 and BRCA1 for visualisation. IR induced foci detected with anti-RAD51, but not those detected with anti-MRE11, are reduced in fibroblasts of all eight FA complementation groups in comparison to control cells. Correction of FA-A, FA-C and FA-G cells by retroviral cDNA transfer specifically corrected the RAD51-foci response but did not affect formation of foci containing BRCA1 or MRE11. Since all FA cells, except FA-D1, lack the monoubiquitinated FANCD2-L protein, this isoform is likely to be involved in the formation of nuclear foci containing RAD51 in diploid FA cells. FA-D1 cells show the same attenuation in RAD51 foci formation, suggesting that the unknown FANCD1 protein is similarly involved in RAD51 foci formation, either independently or as a subsequent step in the FANCD2 pathway. These findings indicate that Fanconi anaemia cells have an impairment in the RAD51-dependent homologous recombination pathway for DNA repair, explaining their chromosomal instability and extreme sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents.


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