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Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on March 10, 2005
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgi065
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received January 3, 2005
Revised February 7, 2005
Accepted February 22, 2005

CANCER BIOLOGY

Protease mRNAs are predominantly expressed in the stromal areas of microdissected mouse breast carcinomas

Tanja Xenia Pedersen 1*, Caroline J. Pennington 2, Kasper Almholt 1, Ib Jarle Christensen 1, Boye Schnack Nielsen 1, Dylan R. Edwards 2, John Rømer 1, Keld Danø 1, and Morten Johnsen 3

1 Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
2 School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
3 Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, O. Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Tanja Xenia Pedersen, E-mail: Tanjax{at}finsenlab.dk


  Abstract

Solid tumors synthesize a number of extracellular matrix-degrading proteases that are important for tumor progression. Based on qualitative in situ hybridization studies in human cancer tissue, a range of components involved in proteolysis appear to be expressed by stromal cells rather than cancer cells. We have now used laser capture microdissection and real-time PCR to quantify the mRNA expression of components of matrix degrading proteolytic systems in cancer and stromal areas of mouse mammary tumors genetically induced by the polyomavirus middle T (PyMT) antigen. We examined the mRNA levels of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and the matrix metalloproteases MMP-2, -3, -11, -13, and -14, and found that all these 7 genes are predominantly expressed by stromal cells. Our results were qualitatively supported by in situ hybridization analysis of the expression of mRNAs for MMP-2, -3 and -13 in the PyMT tumors. Statistical analyses indicated that the quantitative expression patterns observed in cancer and stromal cells isolated from individual tumors from different PyMT mice are very reproducible. The methodology described in this study provides excellent tools to study possible interactions between cancer and stromal cells during breast cancer development, and the results suggest that stromal cells are involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, which may have important implications for the biology and therapy of cancer.

Keywords: laser capture microdissection; breast cancer; stroma; proteolysis.
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