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Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on February 25, 2006
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgi372
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received September 30, 2005
Revised January 17, 2006
Accepted February 11, 2006

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CANCER PREVENTION

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), a potential chemopreventive agent for lung cancer

Sarmistha Banerjee 1, Chinmay Kr. Panda 2, and Sukta Das 1 *

1 Dept. of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittarajan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
2 Dept. of Oncogene Regulation, Chittarajan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sukta Das, E-mail: suk_tadas{at}yahoo.com


  Abstract

Spices and flavoring plants part rich in supposedly health promoting phytochemicals are currently receiving much attention as a possible source of cancer chemopreventive compounds. Clove, sun dried unopened flower buds from the plant Syzygium aromaticum L. is a commonly used spice and food flavor. In the present work we assess the chemopreventive potential of aqueous infusion of clove during benzo [a] pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in strain A mice. Incidence of hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ evident in the carcinogen control group on the 8th, 17th and 26th week respectively, were effectively reduced after treatment with clove infusion. Significant reduction in number of proliferating cells and increased number of apoptotic cells was also noted in these benzo [a] pyrene induced lung lesions following clove treatment. Western blotting analysis revealed that clove infusion upregulate expression of proapoptotic proteins p53, and Bax and downregulate expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the precancerous stages. Expression of caspase -3 and its activation by clove infusion were evident from a very early stage of carcinogenesis (8th week). Clove infusion was also found to downregulate the expression of some growth promoting proteins viz COX-2, cMyc, Hras. The observations signify the chemopreventive potential of clove in view of its apoptogenic and antiproliferative properties.


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