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Carcinogenesis Advance Access first published online on May 13, 2006
This version published online on May 19, 2006
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl033
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© 2006 The Author(s)

Article

The necessity of a Human Epigenome Project

Manel Esteller 1 *

1 Director, Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Manel Esteller, E-mail: mesteller{at}cnio.es


  Abstract

Epigenetics is one of the hottest topics in cancer research. We know that human tumors undergo a major disruption of their DNA methylation and histone modification patterns. The aberrant epigenetic landscape of the cancer cell is characterized by a massive genomic hypomethylation, CpG island promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, an altered histone code for critical genes and a global loss of monocacetylated and trimethylated histone H4. But what we know is just a minimal percentage of the epigenetic "earthquake" present in the transformed cell. We need to make an ambitious step to understand the DNA methylation and histone changes underlying tumorigenesis. The launching of an international Human Epigenome Project should be the response to this necessity.


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