Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on November 1, 2006
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl207
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1 Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, 4032, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Overall 5-year survival is about 10-15% and despite curative intent surgery, treatment failure is primarily due to recurrent disease. Conventional prognostic markers are unable to determine which patients with completely resected disease within each stage group are likely to relapse. To identify a gene signature associated with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of lung, we analyzed primary tumor gene expression for a total of fifty-one SCCs (stage I-III) on 22,323 element microarrays, comparing expression profiles for individuals who remained disease-free for a minimum of 36 months with those from individuals whose disease recurred within 18 months of complete resection. Cox proportional hazards modeling with leave-one-out cross-validation identified a 70-gene signature capable of predicting the likelihood of tumor recurrence and a 79-gene signature predictive for cancer-related death. These two signatures were pooled to generate a 111-gene signature which achieved an overall predictive accuracy for disease recurrence of 72% (77% sensitivity, 67% specificity) in an independent set of fifty-eight stage I-III SCCs. This signature also predicted differences in survival (log-rank P=0.0008; hazard ratio (HR), 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-8.7), and was superior to conventional prognostic markers such as TNM stage or N stage in predicting patient outcome. Genome-wide profiling has revealed a distinct gene expression profile for recurrent lung SCC which may be clinically useful as a prognostic tool.
Received July 19, 2006
Revised October 15, 2006
Accepted October 20, 2006
CARCINOGENESIS
Expression profiling defines a recurrence signature in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Jill Everland Larsen 1 *, Sandra Jane Pavey 2, Linda Hazel Passmore 3, Rayleen Bowman 4, Belinda Edith Clarke 5, Nicholas Kim Hayward 2, and Kwun Meng Fong 1
2 School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia; Human Genetics Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, 4006, Australia
3 Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, 4032, Australia
4 School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
5 Department of Pathology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, 4032, Australia
Jill Everland Larsen, E-mail: Jill_E_Larsen{at}health.qld.gov.au
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