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Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on November 20, 2006
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl222
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received August 11, 2006
Revised November 6, 2006
Accepted November 6, 2006

CANCER BIOLOGY

Characterization of androgen-regulated expression of CYP3A5 in human prostate

Anne-Mari Moilanen 1, Jukka Hakkola 2, Markku H. Vaarala 3 *, Saila Kauppila 1, Pasi Hirvikoski 1, Jussi T. Vuoristo 4, Robert J. Edwards 5, and Timo K. Paavonen 1

1 Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
3 Department of Surgery, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
4 Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
5 Section on Experimental Medicine and Toxicology, Imperial College London, London, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Markku H. Vaarala, E-mail: markku.vaarala{at}oulu.fi


  Abstract

Testosterone is needed for the growth and development of the prostate. Androgen deprivation therapy is used for the treatment of prostate cancer. CYP3A5 is a human drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme that metabolizes testosterone to the inactive 6{beta}-hydroxylated metabolite. We identified CYP3A5 as a novel androgen-regulated gene in human prostate by GeneChip analysis of human prostate tissues obtained from patients three days after therapeutic castration and from control patients. We further showed androgen induction of CYP3A5 mRNA in LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. Immunoblotting studies revealed CYP3A5 protein expression in all prostate samples studied. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization was used for localization of CYP3A5 expression in prostate tissue. CYP3A5 was detected both in luminal and basal epithelial cells of human prostate. Androgen response element was identified in the CYP3A5 proximal promoter and in electrophoretic mobility shift assay androgen receptor was found to bind this element. Androgen induction was abolished by mutation of the response element. We suggest that CYP3A5 is a part of an autoregulatory feedback loop controlling prostate cell exposure to androgens.


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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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