Carcinogenesis Advance Access published online on May 29, 2008
Carcinogenesis, doi:10.1093/carcin/bgn129
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Effect of dietary green tea extract and aerosolized difluoromethylornithine during lung tumor progression in A/J strain mice
1 Department of Molecular Oncogenesis, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
2 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
4 Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
5 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
6 Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
7 Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Jay W. Tichelaar, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8109, St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone: 314-362-9295; E-mail: tichelaarj{at}wustl.edu
Chemoprevention strategies to prevent the development of lung cancer in at risk individuals are a key component in disease management. In addition to being highly effective, an ideal chemopreventive agent will require low toxicity as patients are likely to require treatment for several years before lowering their risk of cancer to background levels. In principle, a combination of safe agents that work through distinct mechanisms will improve efficacy while simultaneously maintaining a favorable safety profile. Here we describe the use of the decaffeinated green tea extract Polyphenon E (1% in diet) and aerosolized difluoromethylornithine (20 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week) in a mouse lung cancer chemoprevention study using a progression protocol. Female A/J mice were injected with benzo[a]pyrene at 8 weeks of age and pre-cancerous lesions allowed to form over a period of 21 weeks before chemoprevention treatment for an additional 25 weeks. Polyphenon E treatment did not significantly inhibit average tumor multiplicity but reduced per animal tumor load. Analysis of tumor pathology revealed a specific inhibition of carcinomas, with the largest carcinomas significantly decreased in Polyphenon E treated animals. Aerosolized difluoromethylornithine did not have a significant effect on lung tumor progression. Magnetic resonance imaging of benzo[a]pyrene-induced lung tumors confirmed the presence of a subset of large, rapidly growing tumors in untreated mice. Our results suggest a potential role for green tea extracts in preventing the progression of large, aggressive lung adenocarcinomas.
Received April 2, 2008; revised May 14, 2008; accepted May 19, 2008.
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